The answer is that the mpg would decrease--probably by a lot. The reason is that the gas engine will have to create the wind to run the wind turbine. So basically you're going to have an energy conversion losses by converting from gas to wind to electricity. But it will be worse than that because there is also the additional drag of the wind turbine parts.
I don't know what kind of wind turbine you could use.
Now what would work is to add battery packs to the Prius and have a stationary wind turbine charge these packs. However, because the Prius battery packs are over 200V it's not a safe thing to do unless you are qualified to work on high voltage equipment. There is also the battery ECU to worry about. Somehow you will need to tell it what you are putting into it.
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What would be a good wind turbine to put on a Toyota Prius?
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