a differential lock prevents one wheel or another from spinning freely when there is a loss of traction. The differential on a vehicle allows the wheels to turn at different rates in a turn. The outer wheel in a turn has to travel a longer distance than the inner one. If you lock the differential, both (or all 4, in 4wd vehicles) wheels will turn at the same speed. This allows better traction in mud or snow, since it prevents the free spinning of the wheel with less traction. Do not drive on hard surfaces with the diff-lock on.
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